Vacuum pump



(No Model.)

A. KUX.

VACUUM PUMP.

Patented 610.24, 1885.

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UNITED STATES Y PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLF KUX, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

VACUUM-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,644, dated February24, 1885.

| Application filed July 19, 1884. (No model.) Patented in Germany March20, 1683, No. 24,344; in Belgium April 16, 1882!, No. 61,126; in FranceApril 17, 1883, N0. 154,9l9, and in Austria September 12, 1883, No.23,919.

To ail whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, ADOLF KUX, of the city of Berlin, Prussia, Germany,have invented certain Improvements in Vacuum-Pumps, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which similar letters denote corresponding parts, and forwhich I obtained Letters Patent in Germany, No. 24,344, for fifteenyears, dated March 20, 1883; in France, for fifteen years, No. 154,919,dated April 17, 1883; in Belgium, No. 61,126, dated April 16, 1883, forfifteen years; in Austria, No. 28,919, dated September 12, 1883, forfifteen years.

The object of the invention is to increase the efficiency ofvacuum-pumps by the addition of auxiliary steam-ejectors, which arearranged and worked in a peculiar manner.

Figure 1 of the drawings represents a vacuuni-pump in avertical section.

1 Those parts which are not essential for the invention are shown onlyinconstructive dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a section in enlarged scale of adetail.

A is the pump-cylinder; B, the piston; e, the suction-pipe leading tothe vessel to be exhausted or emptied of air. a c are the suction and (1cl the exhaust valves, of any improved pattern.

On account of the atmospheric pressure the air remaining in thedead-space between the cylinder-heads and the piston at the end of eachstroke cannot be expelled. That is the reason why it is not possible toproduce a true vacuum but only an air-rarefaction.

The object of the invention now is to re move at the end of each strokeof the piston all this inconvenient air. For this purpose the outlets ofthe pump are constructed as pipes or channels a; w, in frontof which arearranged the ejectors h h, working by steam by means of thesteam-nozzles g As it is necessary to expel the air only at the end ofthe stroke, the ejectors act only at this time, the valves u a,admitting steam to the ejectors, being shut in the interval. This suddenopening of the valves an is effected byavalvegear arrangement'governedby tappets i i, fixed in the proper position upon the crankshaft a,driving the beam to which the piston B of the pump A is attached. Thetappets it" actuate in their revolutions the short arms at of the leversZ Z of a rock-shaft, k, and by means of connecting-rods, also thebell-crank levers w w, which lift the valves a a. As soon as the tappetsi t" have passed the arms on the valves u u are closed by springs, (notshown in the drawings,) or by any other equivalent device. It must beunderstood that the tappets t z" and the different levers are'arrangedin such a way that the opening and closing of the valves 10 a,controlling the ejectors, will take place at the proper time-via, theopening to commence shortly before the end of the piston-strokes, theclosing to take place just when the piston has arrived in its deadpositions. The ejectors expel not only the air from the pipes orchannels .90 av above and below the outlet-valves d d, but also that airwhich remains between the cylinder-heads and the piston B at the end ofeach stroke. They produce a very efiicient air-rarefaction of thesespaces, increasing the effect of the vacuum-pump and facilitating itsworking. As soon as the valves 14 u are closed the air of theoutlet-pipe f will return and fill again the channels 00 x and exert acorresponding pressure upon the valves 01 d. To avoid this inconveniencea valve, a, hung to a light spring, a, Fig. 2, is provided in thechannels 00 at. The throw of the valve 0 is limited by means of aset'screw, s. This valve '0 closes automatically the moment when itsejector ceases to work, maintaining in the channel x (00) between thevalve 0 and the valve (1 (d) the air -rarefaction previously produced,so that the valve cl ((2') is released from pressure and more readilyopened. It is clear that by these means the effect of a vacuum-pump isincreased very much without great expense, as the steam used for theejectors, the quantity of which is, moreover,very small, may be furtherutilized for heating or other purposes.

It must be remarked that my invention is applicable to vacuum-pumps of aconstruction differing from that in the drawings, and that r the propermotions of the valves a u may be derived from other parts of themachinery and constructed in another way, as shown. These constructivepoints are of minor interest and not the object of the invention; but

What I claim as new is 1. In a vacuum-pump, the combination of] vers ZZ, and elbows w w, for moving said the pump-cylinder and piston with thesteamvalves, and with the valves *0, springs 02, and ejectors h h, theirvalves 20 u, and the valveoutlet-valves d d, substantially as shown andgear mechanism, consisting of the shaft a, described; and for thepurposes explained.

5 tappets i i, leversl Z, shaft 70, arms m, and This specificationsigned by me this 4th bell-cranks w 10, substantially as described, dayof June, 1884:. for opening said valves at stated intervals to renderthe ejectors effective, as specified.

2. In a vacuum-pump, the combination of the steam-ejectors h h, with thevalves to a, shaft a, tappets M, arms m, rock-shaft 70, 1e-

ADOLF KUX.

Witnesses:

B. RoI. CARL T. BURCHARDT.

